鲢酶解物对羟自由基的清除作用

通过测定酶解物对Fenton体系产生的羟自由基的清除效果，从胰蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶和复合蛋白酶5种酶中，筛选出木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶作为酶解鲢制备具有较高清除羟自由基活性酶解物的理想水解酶；用正交试验L9(3^4)对两种酶的水解条件进行了优化，并对最佳酶解条件下得到的酶解物进行Sephadex G-25凝胶柱分离，洗脱液分别在波长280nm处比色，测定酶解物中主要抗氧化活性肽的分子量分布。结果表明，木瓜蛋白酶在温度50℃、酶解时间15min、pH=6．5、酶质量分数1．50％、底物：水=1：2的水解条件下，酶解物对羟自由基清除效果较好，清除率为88．2％；胰蛋白酶在温度55℃、酶解时间60min、pH=8．0、酶质量分数0．25％、底物：水=1：2的水解条件下，酶解物对羟自由基清除效果较好，清除率为84．2％。木瓜蛋白酶酶解物在最大洗脱峰时有最大羟自由基清除率峰，清除率为95．1％，在最大峰处酶解物中活性肽的分子量为2．2kDa；胰蛋白酶酶解物在最大洗脱峰时也有最大羟自由基清除率峰，其清除率为89．6％，该峰处活性肽的分子量为14．2kDa。     

不同薤白多糖体外对自由基的清除作用

采用二苯代苦味酰肼自由基（DPPH·）法和邻二氮菲-Fe2＋-H2O2体系法,研究薤白粗多糖（cAMP）、半纯多糖（AMP）和2种纯化多糖（AMP-I,AMP-Ⅲ）对自由基的清除作用。结果表明,4种薤白多糖均能清除DPPH·和OH·,并随着质量浓度的增加清除作用增强,其中cAMP的清除作用最强,AMP和较低相对分子质量多糖（AMP—I）的清除率较接近。     

磷灰石和石灰联合巨菌草对重金属污染土壤的改良修复

通过盆栽试验,研究了不同剂量磷灰石（0.6%和1.2%）和石灰（0.2%和0.4%）对Cu/Cd污染土壤的修复效果。结果表明,石灰和磷灰石处理均显著提高了土壤溶液和土壤pH,且均表现为0.4%石灰>0.2%石灰>1.2%磷灰石>0.6%磷灰石>对照;同时,土壤溶液和土壤有效态Cu/Cd含量随着磷灰石和石灰的添加而显著降低,且降幅均表现为随材料剂量增加而增加。石灰和磷灰石的添加显著增加了巨菌草的生物量,降低了巨菌草对重金属的吸收,其中0.4%石灰处理巨菌草生物量最高,地上和根生物量分别为：61.45 g和10.31 g。与石灰相比,磷灰石在维持较低活性Cu/Cd的能力方面具有更好的稳定性,但是高剂量的石灰更能有效地通过巨菌草转移土壤中的重金属。     

木麻黄树皮提取物的清除羟自由基活性

考察了4种木麻黄树皮水提取物的化学组成及其对绝对分子质量分布的影响因素,用邻二氮菲-Fe2+氧化法测定了不同树种和不同溶剂提取物对羟自由基的清除率.结果表明,不同提取溶剂对木麻黄树皮提取物组成、绝对分子质量分布影响较大.盐酸-丙酮-水溶液(HAW,1.0%盐酸与丙酮溶液质量比7∶3)作提取溶剂可大幅提高提取物的总固形物和多酚含量.应用激光散射-凝胶渗透色谱(SEC)技术测得山地木麻黄树皮HAW提取物的绝对分子质量为5×102～2×105.木麻黄提取物清除羟自由基的活性高,质量浓度为2g/L的山地木麻黄树皮HAW提取物对羟自由基的清除率高达81.6%.提取物的组成影响其清除羟自由基活性.     

海洋活性胶原肽酶解液的脱色脱腥工艺

以富含胶原的海产品下脚料为原料,用海洋碱性蛋白酶894水解,得到具有清除羟自由基活性的酶解液.采用一次正交回归实验设计及结果分析,建立回归方程,研究了活性炭、β-环糊精、酵母三者用量及温度、pH和作用时间6因子及其可能存在交互作用的变化关系对该酶解液综合脱色脱腥效果的影响.结果表明,在给定取值范围内,pH对综合脱色脱腥效果影响高度显著,酵母添加量、pH与酵母添加量的交互作用影响显著,其它因子及其可能的交互作用影响不显著,得最佳工艺为:温度37℃、pH 4.0、活性炭0.8%、β-环糊精和酵母分别为0.1%,作用30 min.此时,综合脱色脱腥效果值为90.90,蛋白回收率为98.02%,羟自由基清除率的IC50浓度从原来的1.42 mg·mL-1增加到1.62 mg·mL-1.     

Sonme Factors that Affect the Free Radical-scavenging Activity of Tea Extracts

Some factors that affect the free radical-scavenging activety of two tea extracts were studied in vitro.It was found that concentration of tea extract or heating tea extract or treating with activated carbon and diatomite all had obvious effect on the scavenging activety of green tea extract,but heating or treating with diaomite had less effect on the scavenging activity of black tea extract.Ascorbic acid,for having synergic effect with tea extracts,could enhance the scavenging activity of tea extracts markedly,and the contrary was cupric ion.Reducing sugars such as fructose and glucose also had some syncrgic effect to tea extracts.     

华木莲叶黄酮类化合物抗氧化作用

通过邻苯三酚自氧化法,水杨酸比色法分别测定了华木莲叶黄酮类化合物(Sinomanglietia glaulaLeaf F la-vonoids,SLF)清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2.)、羟基自由基(.OH)的效果,及其对H2O2诱导的大鼠血红细胞溶血作用的影响来研究SLF的抗氧化性作用。结果表明:不同浓度的SLF均能显著地清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2.)、羟基自由基(.OH),抑制H2O2对红细胞膜的破坏而引起的溶血,抗氧化性作用随SLF浓度的升高而增强。     

大叶羊蹄甲总黄酮的提取及其对羟自由基的清除作用研究

为了研究大叶羊蹄甲中总黄酮的提取、鉴别方法及对羟自由基的清除作用。用乙醇提取法提取大叶羊蹄甲中黄酮类物质,采用分光光度法对提取物中总黄酮含量及羟自由基清除能力进行测定。提取大叶羊蹄甲中总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：回流温度为80℃,乙醇体积分数为80%,固液比1:20,提取时间为1 h,在此条件下,黄酮的提取率为11.81%。此方法实验步骤简便,无污染,是提取大叶羊蹄甲中黄酮类化合物的有效途径,大叶羊蹄甲中总黄酮提取液对Fenton体系产生的?OH自由基有很好的清除作用。     

Dietary methionine source and level affect hepatic sulfur amino acid metabolism of broiler breeder hens

A study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary methionine source and level on plasma free amino acids patterns and the expression of genes involved in hepatic methionine metabolism in broiler breeders. A total of 2184 broiler breeders were assigned to 13 dietary treatments, with eight replicates per treatment. The 13 treatments included one control group and 12 additional treatments employing two sources and six levels (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 1.00%). Higher plasma methionine concentration was measured for DL‐methionine (DLM) treated hens. Plasma alanine concentration was linearly increased as DLM or 2‐hydroxy‐4‐(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBA) supplementation level increased. There was a linear increase in concentrations of tyrosine, valine, glycine and serine as dietary DLM supplementation level increased. Hens treated with DLM had higher relative expression of ADA than those fed HMTBA. The expression of MS, ADA, SAHH and MAT2A changed quadratically as HMTBA supplementation level increased, while the expression of GNMT and SAHH changed quadratically as DLM supplementation level increased. In conclusion, the effects of HMTBA on plasma free amino acid patterns and the expression of hepatic genes involved with methionine are different from DLM.